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October 2019

As the film Ghostbusters showed, true believers in the supernatural rarely prosper in the scientific establishment. Throughout history, scientists who entertained theories on ghosts, magic and the afterlife were discredited by their peers and condemned for tarnishing the rational foundations of the discipline. Even Isaac Newton carefully downplayed his interest in alchemy to preserve his reputation as the father of modern science.

Victorian Britain experienced the golden age of the literary ghost story – when imaginations ran wild at the very thought of the supernatural. But at the same time, there seemed no dark corner that a rational, scientific mind couldn’t illuminate. Researchers such as John Ferriar and Samuel Hibbert were keen to clear up all the talk of phantoms.

With their scientific remedy to hauntings and apparitions, the Ghostbusters may have found a favourable audience in Victorian Britain. Urko Dorronsoro/Wikipedia, CC BY-SA

These pioneering physicians interpreted sightings of ghosts not as external entities, but as the product of glitches in the brain or “afterimages” from overstimulated optical nerves. For such theorists, the supernatural originated in the darkest recesses of the mind, with all its self delusions.

Apparitions weren’t the dead appearing to the living, but fleeting illusions thrown up by an unpredictable psyche, often provoked by ailments and poor health. As Ebenezer Scrooge said to the ghost of his late business partner Jacob Marley in Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol:

You may be an undigested bit of beef, a blot of mustard, a crumb of cheese, a fragment of underdone potato. There’s more of gravy than of grave about you …!

But many people enjoyed entertaining these self delusions. From its origins in upstate New York in 1848, spiritualism – the belief that spirits of the dead could communicate with the living – spread to Britain in the 1850s. One of its appeals was that it seemed to offer observable, empirical evidence of the influence of the spirit world upon our material surroundings.

During seances – meetings in which people tried to contact the deceased through a medium – spirits could supposedly cause furniture to lift and move. The eminent physicist Michael Faraday set out to clear up these strange happenings.

Seances were a hit in Victorian Britain. Louis Le Breton/Wikipedia

Debunking the bump in the night

A keen experimenter, Faraday devised the ideomotor effect to prove that the phenomena had nothing to do with ghosts. Instead, it was the product of the unconscious muscle movements of those participating in the seance.

Scientists from various fields were engaged in “the march of the intellect” – an attempt to diminish the reality of a person’s experiences with ghosts to “tricks of the mind”, or other quirks of human perception. But many Victorians weren’t satisfied. As my own research has found, ghost stories and supernatural folklore continued to circulate widely among urban and rural communities in Victorian Britain.

Even some scientists were curious. The Society for Psychical Research, established in 1882, believed nothing should be beyond the realm of scientific enquiry, including the supernatural. Led by respected scholars such as Henry and Eleanor Sidgwick and physicist William Barrett, members of the society were willing to stake their reputations on their findings.

Michael Faraday was a celebrated theorist of electromagnetism – and even dabbled in the paranormal. Alexander Blaikley/London Illustrated News

Various subcommittees investigated hypnotism, telepathy, seances and hauntings). Their work helped expose frauds and they were careful to apply scientific controls to their investigations. But critics complained that their willingness to give credence to such ideas would have a corrupting influence that could only revive a credible belief in ghosts.

As the Pall Mall Gazette put it on October 21, 1882:

The scientific attitude is so new and unfixed a possession that it can only be preserved by careful abstention from dangerous trains of thought. Even the ablest and most scientific observers, when they have taken the first step by “inquiring”, may sink to the very bottom of the pond before they finish.

Despite the efforts of 19th century scientists, ghosts have never been convincingly drawn into the realm of scientific explanation. Even so, it’s not uncommon to find TV ghost hunters reading words in the squawks and crackles of static on high-tech recording equipment in supposedly haunted houses – the modern equivalent of moving furniture in candlelit drawing rooms. The enchanting appeal of the unknown seems certain to ensure that ghosts live on forever.

When Facebook acquired the VR company Oculus a couple of years back, the social media giant had some grand plans for the future of virtual reality. Now it appears that the bet on the future isn’t really paying off as per CEO Mark Zuckerberg.

Facebooks bet on VR isnt going according to plan admits Mark Zuckerberg

Oculus Quest. Reuters

After pouring in $2 billion for the Oculus acquisition, there had been a certain belief that VR was the way to go in the future. However, at the Q3 earnings report, Zuckerberg has said that not everything had gone according to plan.

“On VR and AR, you’re right. This is taking a bit longer than we thought. And I’m still optimistic,” Zuckerberg said as per Business Insider. “I think that the long-term vision and the reasons why I thought this — we’re going to be important and big — are unchanged.”

In any case, Zuckerberg has insisted that the VR market is going to pick up fast and Oculus is going to be leading it. Back at Facebook’s annual F8 conference, the company unveiled the $399 Oculus Quest device.

Zuckerberg has claimed that in the near future “hundreds of millions of people will be using the Oculus Quest” and he also said that the device is “growing and doing quite well.” Most of the growth for this quarter has been driven by Oculus Quest sales, said chief financial officer Dave Wehner.

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In light of the upcoming AirPods Pro, Apple has added new displays and photo banners on select Apple Stores around the world. Larger-than-life window photography show people dancing while wearing the AirPods Pro.

Banners with unique scenery have been spotted at various Apple Store locations, including Apple Michigan Avenue, Apple Downtown Brooklyn, Apple Dubai Mall, Apple Regent Street, Apple Champs-Elysees & Opera, Apple Piazza Liberty, Apple Nanjing East, Apple Omotesando and Ginza and Apple Orchard Road.

AirPods Pro Fanfare Launched with Custom Displays and Photos 1

Apple has also added new try-on and compare experiences on their stores, with black tables holding the headphones for interested buyers. An iPhone paired with AirPods and AirPod Pros give the user an idea of how audio quality, fit and noise cancellation is different with the new product. Right now the stores at Fifth Avenue, Regent Street, Dubai Mall, Piazza Liberty, Champs-Elysees, Omotesando and Apple Sydney have this feature.

The Apple AirPods Pro will be available to buy online and at stores come October 30.

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Developed by Respawn Entertainment, Apex Legends was successful in gaining massive opening traction when it launched despite everyone being hooked onto PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds (PUBG) and Fortnite. Until now, the battle royale game only had one squad mode with three players while the others supported solo, duo and four-member squads. That’s about to change but for a limited time only.

Apex Legends will introduce a duos game mode next week for a limited time

Apex: Legends Wattson. Image: EA.

Starting from 5 November, Apex will add a duos mode that will likely drop 60 players or 30 teams in Kings Canyon. There have been special time-limited events before where players were allowed to play solo but never in two-player teams. Respawn made the announcement on Twitter mentioning that it’s “for a limited time” but it hasn’t clarified how long will it last.

Apex was designed to be a squad-first team shooter with all the players using their passive and active abilities together as a team. The same will be possible in a two-player team but it will be interesting to see if there are any additional changes in the mode. One advantage of a trio match-up was being able to give cover fire to your teammate reviving another teammate that got knocked down. In duos, this style of gameplay won’t be possible. However, if you’ve already played other BR games, there’s nothing different.

Currently, the ‘Fight or Fright’ event is running in Apex to celebrate Halloween. It allows you to respawn to the island as a ghost, after being defeated, without weapons but with a powerful melee attack and faster movement. You have to team up with other ghosts against the legends. In order to win, ghosts need to eliminate all the legends. For the legends to win, they need to successfully evacuate from the island on a ship that arrives towards the end of the match. Recently, Apex Legends hit 70 million players worldwide and even though it isn’t as big as PUBG or Fortnite, it’s still a big achievement to pull off among the giants.

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Apple has announced that they will be bundling free Apple TV+ for individuals who are on the student plan on Apple Music. The news was announced on Dickinson star Hailee Steinfeld’s Instagram page and begins when the streaming service launches November 1.

Normally, Apple TV+ and Apple Music each cost $4.99 a month, so it’s a really good deal for students. However, it’s not known whether the bundle will support family sharing or not.

Apple TV+ has a promotion that offers free 12 months worth of service when you buy a new iPhone, iPod Touch, Apple, Mac or iPad, which includes the family sharing feature. It’s estimated that there will be around 55 to 60 million devices and a lot of customers will be watching Apple original content during the first year.

In hindsight, the move allows for a higher adoption and awareness rate which gives Apple more time to create more exclusive movies and TV shows.

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The closest you’ve ever come to a vampire bat may be a Halloween decoration. But in South America, vampire bats are less feared for their association with Dracula and more for their ability to carry and transmit rabies. They also feed on the blood of domestic animals such as horses, donkeys, cattle and even humans. No wonder they’re not popular with farmers, but you might be surprised to learn they form stable, long-term relationships, which appear to resemble human friendships.

A new paper published in Current Biology found that 23 female common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) formed close roosting, grooming and feeding partnerships while kept in captivity for 22 months. Once released into the wild, they kept up the habit and stayed in touch.

This was slightly unexpected – such relationships usually deteriorate in wild animals once their physical environment is suddenly changed, but the researchers found that the 23 bats preferred to groom, feed and be fed by the buddies they had made in captivity.

So this parasitic creature of the night is more of a softie than you might think. But that’s not all – vampire bats are among the most misunderstood creatures in the animal kingdom and it’s time to set the record straight.

Out of the crypt and into our hearts?

Vampire bats are found in many parts of South and Central America and all three species are nocturnal. Like the mythical creatures they’re named for, they feed entirely on the blood of other animals.

A vampire bat’s incisor teeth are razor sharp and they’re used to cut a small groove or crater in the skin of the host animal.

The bat then dribbles saliva into the wound, which prevents the blood from clotting. Grooves on the underside of the tongue line up with a groove in the lower lip to form a kind of drinking straw for the blood to flow through. But when the bat has finished feeding, the anti-coagulant in its saliva means that blood will continue to flow from the bite wound for some time, which can seriously weaken the host animal.

So far, so creepy. But what you probably didn’t know is that vampire bats are among the few non-human animals known to show altruism. If a vampire bat doesn’t feed for several days it will die of starvation. Fortunately, a bat in this predicament can get by with a little help from its friends.

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A starving bat will go to her roost mates during the day and beg for food and they’ll often oblige by regurgitating some of the blood they drank during the previous night. In this way, each bat loses a portion of their own food, but the bat who hasn’t fed survives.

Of course, there is no such thing as a free lunch and it’s expected that, when one of the bats who has given food is herself hungry, the bat she has fed will return the favour. Those who fail to reciprocate will not be fed on future occasions.

In order to be sure that you aren’t giving out food and receiving nothing in return, it’s necessary to remember who you have fed and who has fed you. This means bats must remember the face, voice or smell of each of the bats they associate with. That’s how this species finds and remembers the friends they share food with.

Those bats who share food also tend to groom each other. This is a social behaviour that helps to make and keep bonds between bats – it’s a bit like going for a coffee with a friend and having a good gossip.

Blood brothers. Natalia Kuzmina/Shutterstock

Sadly, the researchers found that young female bats that were born in captivity weren’t accepted into the wild colony, even if their mother was. This is particularly poignant as mothers and daughters share the strongest bonds between bats.

The researchers suggested that growing up in captivity may prevent bats from developing the necessary social skills for living alongside their own kind in the wild, just as “fitting in” for humans demands being receptive to social cues and knowing how to make friends. The bite marks on rejected young females highlight the toll of marginalisation in bat society.

It seems that friendship bonds are just as important to bats as to humans, and probably for some of the same reasons. Familiarity equals safety – you don’t need to put yourself at risk by approaching a stranger who may be less than friendly, and if you play your cards right, you can strengthen the bond with your “friend” and make them more likely to help you in future.

All of a sudden, vampire bats sound a lot less like cold and scary monsters and a lot more like us. Perhaps that could make us look more kindly on these tiny and much maligned creatures.

You’ve probably encountered a pair of shoes that won’t stop following you around the internet, appearing in advertisements on different sites for weeks.

Today, the vast majority of advertising is targeted – that is, you see an ad because an advertiser thinks that you, specifically, might be interested in what they have to offer. You may have visited a store page for a pair of shoes, or maybe there’s something in your internet browsing history that places you in their target demographic.

While many websites offer a way to opt out of targeted advertisements or unwanted emails, we discovered in our recent research that exercising privacy choices isn’t always easy. But that helped us formulate some simple solutions that could make things easier for users around the web.

Anything but standardized

Our team of research collaborators examined the privacy choices available on 150 English language websites. On each site, we searched for three common types of privacy choices: requests to be removed from – that is, opt out of – email marketing, opt-outs for targeted advertising and data deletion choices. For each privacy choice, we noted where on the website it was located and the steps required to exercise the choice.

The good news is that most websites do offer relevant opt-outs or data deletion options. Eighty-nine percent of sites with email marketing or targeted advertising offered opt-outs for those practices, and 74% had a way for users to request their data be deleted.

More good news: Nearly all websites had a privacy policy link on their homepage, and many of these policies included privacy choices.

The bad news is that the privacy policies we surveyed were long – on average 3,951 words. They were difficult to read, with only one-third including a table of contents. These policies were written well above the eighth grade reading level considered appropriate for the general public. Worse, the sections containing privacy choices were even harder to read and understand than the rest of the policy, requiring university-level reading ability.

Key terms aren’t standardized across privacy policies on different sites. When we examined privacy policy section headings, we looked for phrases that appeared in multiple policies, such as “your choices” and “opt out.” Unfortunately, we did not find much consistency.

That makes it difficult for users to scan or search for key words or phrases that might help them understand their options. Users would benefit from standardized language across all websites that describes their privacy choices.

Even when a user manages to find a site’s privacy choices, it may not be clear how to use them.

We learned that some opt-out links, instead of leading to an opt-out tool, went to the homepage of an advertising industry association that hosts an opt-out tool, but elsewhere on the site. Other links were broken. Some policies contained multiple links to various advertising opt-outs, but the sites didn’t explain the differences between the links or whether a user would need to visit one or all of them.

One particular website we encountered, Salesforce, linked to six different advertising opt-out tools. In our view, users should not have to parse a website’s complicated third-party relationships; the websites themselves should make it easy for users to opt out of targeted advertising, no matter who is serving it.

Uncertain effects

Once someone does manage to opt-out, it’s not always clear what will happen.

Most websites we visited did not tell users exactly what they could opt out of. Some websites let users request to not be tracked for advertising, while others allow users to opt out of targeted advertising but not the tracking. In this case, a hypothetical shoe ad wouldn’t appear on the site, but the company advertising the shoes may learn that you visited the site.

Only about half of the websites that offered opt-outs for targeted advertising explained whether opting out of seeing targeted ads also meant that users would not be tracked. Users might believe they are protecting themselves from tracking when in fact they are not.

Even when the choices are clear, the pages are not always easy to use.

For example, to opt out of all of Amazon’s email communications, we had to scroll past a list of 79 options before seeing the option to “opt out of all marketing.”

At The New York Times, deleting the data they’d gathered on us required completing 38 different actions, including finding and reading the privacy policy, following the link to the data deletion request form, selecting a request type, selecting up to 22 check boxes, filling in eight form fields, selecting four additional confirmation boxes and completing an “I am not a robot” test.

Even if these design decisions are unintentional, companies are effectively deterring their users from exercising privacy choices.

Sites use their own language to signal to users where they might delete their data. Habib et al

Consistency is key

When it comes to digital privacy, we think consistency is key.

Websites need to provide choices that are easy to find, understand and use. They should simplify things by offering one-click opt-out options that consolidate multiple links and dozens of options.

It should go without saying that the opt-out links need to actually work.

If websites offer users the ability to make fine-grained choices, it would be helpful to put them all in one place and adopt consistent terminology.

Furthermore, websites need to clarify what opt-out options do.

And perhaps most important, regulators should hold companies accountable not only for offering choices, but for choices that are specific and that consumers can actually use.

[ You’re smart and curious about the world. So are The Conversation’s authors and editors. You can get our highlights each weekend.]

Microsoft is testing out an AI-powered tool to automate the process of giving out driver’s licenses in India. The Microsoft Research Project team has collaborated with the Regional Transport Office in Dehradun in the northern state of Uttarakhand.

Microsoft conducts trials of AI-powered automated driving license tests in India

Harnessing AutoMobiles for Safety (HAMS) project led by Microsoft Research. Image: Microsoft.

Harnessing AutoMobiles for Safety or HAMS, replaces the evaluator with just a smartphone attached to the car’s windshield in front of the driver. Now, this can be any smartphone and all it needs are the front and rear cameras along with the regular sensors that are packed inside these devices. The front-facing camera points at the driver while the rear camera is out front. All the components on the phone work together to provide a better evaluation of the driver.

Microsoft explains this with an example of a situation when there’s sharp braking in the car. The phone’s accelerometer will be able to detect the sudden jerk, the distance is measured with the vehicle in front using the rear camera, and finally, the front camera tries to capture whether the driver was distracted or fatigued. In this way, the AI-powered system will be able to provide a much better evaluation of a driver’s skill than a human evaluator.

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HAMS was initially created to monitor drivers and their driving with the ultimate goal of improving road safety. Microsoft said that while exploring ways to achieve this goal, driver training and testing became an important aspect by starting with helping new drivers right from the beginning.

Apart from partnering with the Dehradun RTO, HAMS has also collaborated with the Institute of Driving and Traffic Research (IDTR) that’s run by Maruti-Suzuki for training drivers.

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US Navy Confirms Leaked UFO Videos Are Real

The three videos were leaked to as named- “FL1R1, GIMBAL, and GoFaster”. 

It had released by NewYork Times and “To The Stars Academy of Arts and Science.”

The video clips were released between December 2017 and March 2018 by To The Stars Academy of Arts and science.

In footage from 2004, sensors lock on a target as it flies before it accelerates out of the left side of the frame, too quickly for the sensors to relocate it.

Unauthorized Videos were including voice conservation of US fighter pilots conservation.

“It’s a f****g drone, bro,” a pilot says to his colleague in the first clip.
“My gosh! They’re all going against the wind.”
“Look at that thing, dude!”

According to the stars academy,
Presented here is the first official evidence released by the US government that can be rightfully designated as credible, authentic confirmation that unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) are real. The footage and reports herein, demonstrate flight characteristics of advanced technologies unlike anything we currently know, understand, or can duplicate with current technologies.

According to the given statement to BlackVault by Joseph Gradisher, the official spokesperson for the Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for Information Warfare, “The Navy designates the objects contained in these videos as unidentified aerial phenomena.”

The Navy has addressed the sighting as “Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP).”

When asked why the phrase “UAP” is now utilized by the U.S. Navy, and not “UFO,” Mr. Gradisher added, “The ‘Unidentified Aerial Phenomena’ terminology is used because it provides the basic descriptor for the sightings/observations of unauthorized/unidentified aircraft/objects that have been observed entering/operating in the airspace of various military-controlled training ranges.”

“The videos were never officially released to the general public by the DoD and should still be withheld,” said Pentagon Spokesperson Susan Gough to The Black Vault earlier this year. Mr. Gradisher, on behalf of the Navy, confirms the Pentagon’s position this week by adding, “The Navy has not released the videos to the general public.

Official Footage

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Image Source: Express.co.uk

Apple’s new gen AirPods Pro can now be ordered on Amazon for $249. AirPods Pro tout a new feature called Active Noise Cancellation with Transparency mode, where anti-noise are produced when the mic detects external noise.

Then when you want to join in on a conversation with friends or become aware of your surroundings, simply press the force sensor to get to Transparency mode.

Apple AirPods Pro

Apple AirPods Pro
Apple AirPods Pro
  • Active noise cancellation for immersive sound
  • Transparency mode for hearing and connecting with the world around you

3 silicone tip sizes with vents equalize pressure and gets rid of the issue inherent with in-earbud devices. You also get an H1 chip for superior sound, seamless connectivity and ‘Hey Siri’ commands.

You also get wireless charging and up to 24 hours’ worth of music in total. A full charge can last up to 4.5 hours at a time. It’s water and sweat resistant and sure to provide an excellent listening experience.

Want to be one of the first people to get the AirPods Pro on their doorstep? Don’t hesitate and buy yourself a pair of Apple AirPods Pro today!

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More than 200m homes now have a smart speaker providing voice-controlled access to the internet, according to one global estimate. Add this to the talking virtual assistants installed on many smartphones, not to mention kitchen appliances and cars, and that’s a lot of Alexas and Siris.

Because talking is a fundamental part of being human, it is tempting to think these assistants should be designed to talk and behave like us. While this would give us a relatable way to interact with our devices, replicating genuinely realistic human conversations is incredibly difficult. What’s more, research suggests making a machine sound human may be unnecessary and even dishonest. Instead, we might need to rethink how and why we interact with these assistants and learn to embrace the benefits of them being a machine.

Speech technology designers often talk about the concept of “humanness”. Recent developments in artificial voice development have resulted in these systems’ voices blurring the line between human and machine, sounding increasingly humanlike. There have also been efforts to make the language of these interfaces appear more human.

Perhaps the most famous is Google Duplex, a service that can book appointments over the phone. To add to the human-like nature of the system, Google included utterances like “hmm” and “uh” to its assistant’s speech output – sounds we commonly use to signal we are listening to the conversation or that we intend to start speaking soon. In the case of Google Duplex, these were used with the aim of sounding natural. But why is sounding natural or more human-like so important?

Chasing this goal of making systems sound and behave like us perhaps stems from pop culture inspirations we use to fuel the design of these systems. The idea of talking to machines has fascinated us in literature, television and film for decades, through characters such HAL 9000 in 2001: A Space Odyssey or Samantha in Her. These characters portray seamless conversations with machines. In the case of Her, there is even a love story between an operating system and its user. Critically, all these machines sound and respond the way we think humans would.

We need to remember virtual assistants aren’t human. Phonlamai Photo/Shutterstock

There are interesting technological challenges in trying to achieve something resembling conversations between us and machines. To this end, Amazon has recently launched the Alexa Prize, looking to “create socialbots that can converse coherently and engagingly with humans on a range of current events and popular topics such as entertainment, sports, politics, technology, and fashion”. The current round of competition asks teams to produce a 20-minute conversation between one of these bots and a human interactor.

These grand challenges, like others across science, clearly advance the state of the art, bringing planned and unplanned benefits. Yet when striving to give machines the ability to truly converse with us like other human beings, we need to think about what our spoken interactions with people are actually for and whether this is the same as the type of conversation we want to have with machines.

We converse with other people to get stuff done and to build and maintain relationships with one another – and often these two purposes intertwine. Yet people see machines as tools serving limited purposes and hold little appetite for building the kind of relationships with machines that we do every day with other people.

Pursuing natural conversations with machines that sound like us can become an unnecessary and burdensome objective. It creates unrealistic expectations of systems that can actually communicate and understand like us. Anyone who has interacted with an Amazon Echo or Google Home knows this is not possible with existing systems.

This matters as people need to have an idea of how to get a system to do things which, because voice-only interfaces have limited buttons and visuals, are guided significantly by what the system says and how it says it. The importance of interface design means humanness itself may not only be questionable but deceptive, especially if used to fool people into thinking they are interacting with another person. Even if their intent may be to create intelligible voices, tech companies need to consider the potential impact on users.

Looking beyond humanness

Rather than consistently embracing humanness, we can accept that there may be fundamental limits, both technological and philosophical, to the types of interactions we can and want to have with machines.

We should be inspired by human conversations rather than using them as a perceived gold standard for interaction. For instance, looking at these systems as performers rather than human-like conversationalists, may be one way to help to create more engaging and expressive interfaces. Incorporating specific elements of conversation may be necessary for some contexts, but we need to think about whether human-like conversational interaction is necessary, rather than using it as a default design goal.

It is hard to predict what technology will be like in the future and how social perceptions will change and develop around our devices. Maybe people will be ok with having conversations with machines, becoming friends with robots and seeking their advice.

But we are currently sceptical of this. In our view it is all to do with context. Not all interactions and interfaces are the same. Some speech technology may be required to establish and foster some form of social or emotional bond, such as in specific healthcare applications. If that is the aim, then it makes sense to have machines converse more appropriately for that purpose – perhaps sounding human so the user gets the right type of expectations.

Yet this is not universally needed. Crucially, this human-likeness should link to what the systems can actually do with conversation. Making systems that do not have the ability to converse like a human sound human may do far more harm than good.

Xiaomi has carved out a big space in the smartphone segment in China and India and it is doing the same with its smart TV lineup. The company is all set to release the new Mi TV 5 series in China on 5 November and it would appear that some key specs of the device have been revealed before the launch.

Xiaomi reveals some key specs of its upcoming Mi TV 5 ahead of official launch on 5 November

Xiaomi Mi TV 5.

As per the poster released by Xiaomi for the Mi TV 5, the device is said to come with a 12nm T972 chipset with support for 8K video recording. A jump of 63 percent is being touted for this chipset as compared to the previous generation. In terms of memory options, the Mi TV 5 packs in 4 GB of RAM and 64 GB of internal storage.

It had been confirmed earlier that the Mi TV 5 is confirmed to come with a 4K QLED panel covering NTSC 108% wide colour gamut, similar to the one seen on the OnePlus TV. This could mean that the Mi TV 5 will be more in the premium smart TV segment rather than the budget segment it usually aims for.

Along with the Mi TV 5, Xiaomi will also be launching the Mi CC9 Pro smartphone which will have penta-lens setup including a 108 MP camera.

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Apple has sent out reminders to owners of the iPhone 5 that they’ll need to update to iOS 10.3.4 before November 3, or else lose App Store and iCloud functions.

An updated version for older iPad and iPhone fixed GPS and incorrect time and date issues in July, with affected Apple devices not being affected as long as they update before November 3, 2019.

Affected devices include the iPhone 5 and the 4th gen iPad, and apps that utilize time and date such as web browsing, email, iCloud and the App Store.

To check and see if you’re on iOS 10.3.4, go to the Settings, General and About, then check the Software Version. Make sure your iPhone 5 is connected to the internet before checking and downloading the system update.

Users may have to restore using a computer if they didn’t update their iPhones before November 3, 2019.

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DJI has announced the foldable Mavic Mini that’s as tiny as your palm. The ultralight drone leaked out several times before launch and an official announcement has just arrived. It’s available for pre-order now and shipping starts on 11 November.

DJI’s adorable little Mavic Mini drone offers 30-minute battery life at 9

DJI Mavic Mini is a palm-sized drone that shoots 2.7K footage. Image: DJI.

The Mavic Mini features several premium features from DJI’s premium lineup of drones. It has a maximum range of 4 km and it supposedly delivers up to 30 minutes of battery life in flight time. While it doesn’t support 4K footage, it can shoot videos in 2.7K resolution at 30 frames per second. It can also do 1080p video recording at up to 60 fps and click pictures in 12 MP resolution.

For stabilisation, the camera is held by a three-axis gimbal to capture smooth footage without any unnecessary jerking. It comes packed with GPS receivers and downward visual sensors for better stability while hovering and flying in general.

[embedded content]

There are two options available for the Mavic Mini. In the standard $399 version, you get a remote controller, single battery, extra propellers, and the required tools. The Mavic Mini Fly More Combo comes with a 360-degree propeller cage, two-way charging Hub, a total of three batteries, three sets of propellers and a carrying case, in addition to the items available in the standard version. The combo will cost you $499.

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It’s a classic Halloween tale. A group of ghost hunters visit a grand old house that is rumoured to be haunted. But after thoroughly exploring, they leave disappointed: there are no ghosts to be seen. Only later, when looking through their photographs of the place do they notice the mysterious apparition on the stairs. It was there all the time.

In our new work, published in Nature, we were shocked to discover an apparition of galactic proportions when looking at a familiar galaxy. The finding has huge significance because it demonstrates how chemical elements mix on very large scales around galaxies.

Your body, the Earth, and all the material world around you is made of a class of particle called “baryons”. Baryonic matter is “normal” everyday matter, such as carbon. So we’re intimately connected to the stuff.

Imagine you could put all the baryons in the universe into a jar. Now pick one of those particles at random. Where do you think it would have come from? Another human? A planet? Another galaxy entirely? The answer is surprising to most: it’s likely that baryon would have come from the space between galaxies. Most of the normal matter in the universe isn’t contained within galaxies at all.

When the universe was just a few hundred thousand years old, baryonic matter and dark matter, an invisible and unknown substance making up the majority of matter in the universe, were intermingled in a nearly uniform fog. This was rippled with small density fluctuations, and over time these were amplified by gravity which teased them into a network of filaments lacing through the universe.

A large-scale simulation of the distribution of gas in the universe. Galaxies form at the dense nodes of the cosmic web drive outflows of gas back into the circumgalactic medium. Jim Geach & Rob Crain

We call it the cosmic web. At the densest points of the web, galaxies formed. In those galaxies, about a few hundred million years after the Big Bang, hydrogen started to burn in stars and nuclear fusion forged heavy elements including carbon and oxygen. Other elements were formed in cataclysmic stellar explosions. And at the centres of the galaxies, supermassive black holes grew by accumulating baryons, releasing energy in the process.

The blaze of young stars, the explosions of supernovae and the intensity of black holes have an important effect: they drive flows of gas through and out of galaxies. We’ve known for a long time that this “feedback” is essential for regulating the growth of galaxies and for mixing the different chemical elements in regions between stars. Without such mixing, you wouldn’t exist. Some of the iron in your blood comes from supernovae and the carbon comes from the ash of long-dead stars. We are all what the baddies in Harry Potter may call cosmic “mudbloods”.

Some of the flows of gas driven by star formation and black hole growth can escape galaxies, emerging into the “circumgalactic medium” – or CGM. This is the interface between the interstellar medium (the stuff between stars) and the wider intergalactic medium (the stuff between galaxies).

These winds transport heavy elements formed in galaxies out into the CGM. Some of these elements will later “rain” back down, perhaps to be incorporated in new solar systems. Others will spend the rest of eternity exiled in intergalactic space.

Computer simulations show this process in beautiful detail. But while we can measure outflows around galaxies in the real universe, we have not directly observed them on very large scales, which stretch hundreds of thousands of light years around galaxies. Until now.

A galactic ghost

We have used an instrument called the Keck Cosmic Web Imager to observe a galaxy that is part of a sample of galaxies we have been studying for some time. The instrument, based in Hawaii, is no ordinary camera. It measures the spectrum of light collected by the telescope, dispersing the light into its different frequencies, or colours. This allows us to see much more than would otherwise be possible with a traditional imaging camera.

The galaxies were of interest us because they are known to be driving extremely fast outflows of gas, travelling at 1,000 kilometres per second or more. They are also extremely compact compared to most galaxies. We think that most of them formed from the collision of two galaxies that have now coalesced into one.

A volume rendering of the KCWI data, revealing the huge Makani nebula and fast outflow. Jim Geach, David Tree, Peter Richardson, Games and Visual Effects Research Lab, University of Hertfordshire

When we looked at the KCWI data for the first time, it made the hairs rise on the back of our necks. We expected to detect something, but what we saw really surprised us. Surrounding the galaxy was a huge cloud of glowing gas, resembling the shape of an hourglass nearly a third of a million light years across. This glowing nebula dwarfs the central galaxy, but without KCWI you wouldn’t know it was there.

There’s nothing paranormal going on here though. From the colour, or frequency, of the light, we know it is being emitted by oxygen ions. Our analysis shows that the nebula has formed as the result of two distinct gas outflows – winds – that have propagated from the central galaxy into the CGM. We call the nebula Makani – a Hawaiian word for wind – out of respect for the cultural significance of the mountain from which the observations were made.

In Makani we are seeing directly for the first time the mechanism by which the CGM is being heated and enriched. Our initial analysis shows that the properties of the outflow broadly agree with predictions from theory. We now have the ideal system to study the process, and can use this data to refine the models.

What’s needed now is more examples of objects like Makani. And like the investigators we are, our team is now on the hunt for other spectres lurking out there.

We’ve seen some pretty impressive picture quality on the iPhone 11 Pro, but YouTube personality Matti Haapoja has now taken things a step further by doing a side-by-side comparison of the vaunted Apple smartphone versus a DSLR camera worth $7,500.

In the YouTube video, Haapoja reveals five pairs of images, one taken by a Canon 1DX Mark II and the other, an iPhone 11 Pro. The quality of the photos were quite similar with a few notable differences. Comments have said that the best way to know which one was taken by the iPhone 11 Pro was to look for the bokeh effect and background, which were more exaggerated compared to the Canon DSLR.

[embedded content]

The YouTube video cements the fact that the iPhone’s camera has come a long way. The Canon 1DX Mark II is a high-end DSLR, and costs many times more than an iPhone 11 Pro.

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I enjoy online shopping. However, I often find myself fussing about the delivery options during checkout. This is because not all delivery services are equally efficient and stress-free.

This personal experience has also inspired my research. As a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University, I have engineered tiny nano-materials – objects about 10,000 times smaller than a grain of rice – to better deliver DNA into white blood cells called T-cells that defend us against cancer. My method – which I think of as the equivalent of FedEx and UPS – delivers DNA efficiently to T-cells that then transforms them into super-soldiers for tracking and attacking cancer cells.

The promise of immuno-medicine

Despite decades of research, cancer remains a challenging disease to treat because cancer cells mutate rapidly, becoming resistant to treatments such as chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation. The World Health Organization estimates that in 2018, close to 10 million individuals died of cancer. The estimated economic cost due to treatments and lost productivity when patients couldn’t work during treatment was a whopping US$1.2 trillion, and this is expected to increase with an aging population.

Andy Tay, CC BY-SA
These are figurines from a toy kit called ‘Rainbow Heroes.’ I created the kit with the Stanford Design School to educate children with cancer aged 5-10 about cancer immunotherapy. The black figurines represent the ‘enemy’ cancer cells while the colorful figurines are the ‘hero’ immune cells. Andy Tay, CC BY-SA

In the 1990s James Allison and Tasuku Honjo, who won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology for cancer immunotherapy, discovered that cancer cells can inhibit T-cells and prevent them from detecting tumor cells. They pioneered a strategy using proteins called antibodies to bind to cancer cells. This prevents the cancer cells from interfering with T-cells and suppressing them.

The second type of cancer immunotherapy, which I study, involves genetically engineering T-cells with tailored DNA. The DNA I insert into T-cells encodes proteins that function like weapons that kill cancer cells faster before they get a chance to develop new mutations.

Unfortunately, it isn’t easy to deliver DNA into cells, and the existing methods are inadequate and may compromise the cancer-fighting functions of T-cells. Some T-cells may become hyperactive after DNA delivery and attack the patients’ own organs.

Improving DNA delivery

There are two predominant ways to deliver DNA into T-cells. The first uses viruses to deliver DNA. The second uses bulk electroporation, a technique that uses electricity to punch holes in the cells allowing the DNA to enter. However, both are inefficient and have several disadvantages.

Viruses insert their own viral DNA into host cells alongside the therapeutic DNA during delivery. This is dangerous, as the long-term consequence of having viral genes in our body is unknown. Viruses can also trigger toxic immune responses such as persistent fever and even death. Another disadvantage is that viruses can carry only small packages of DNA, making it difficult to cram the latest gene editing tools inside them.

These shortcomings paved the way for electroporation. This method works by subjecting cells to strong electric fields that create holes in cells’ membrane and allow DNA to pass through. However, this technique is akin to a courier blasting holes in a person’s home to deliver packages. I and others have shown that this approach harms the T-cells and dampens their cancer-fighting ability.

The power of nano-engineering

To bridge this technological gap, I have developed a new technique named magnetic nano-electro-injection, or MagNEI, that can deliver DNA into T-cells up to four times more efficiently than virus and bulk electroporation. This is necessary to produce high numbers of genetically engineered T-cell soldiers – one billion or so – needed to fight cancer.

This is how MagNEI works. I first decorate the T-cells with FDA-approved magnetic particles to activate them and make them more receptive to DNA delivery. Then I use magnets to secure these cells onto hollow nano-tubes. These tubes are 10,000 times smaller in diameter than a grain of rice. Next, electric fields are applied through the nano-tubes to create small pores, or tunnels, into the cell membrane for DNA to enter cells. Magnetic forces then direct DNA into the nucleus of the cell. This is a much gentler procedure than electroporation.

Left: T-cell decorated with magnetic particles that activate it, preparing it for DNA delivery. Right: Scanning electron microscopic image of hollow nano-tubes. Andy Tay, CC BY-SA

New metrics to assess delivery techniques

Besides looking at DNA delivery efficiency – the percentage of cells that are successfully transformed with genetically engineered DNA – it is also important to consider the other consequences of various delivery methods. For example, I have found that the ability of engineered T-cell soldiers to migrate and hunt down cancer cells can be weaker after DNA delivery.

In my opinion, the cancer immunotherapy community needs to expand beyond simple assessments such as efficiency and cell survival to evaluate the utility of new DNA delivery techniques.

Therefore, in a recent review, I proposed a framework with new criteria for evaluating which DNA delivery methods are most effective. One way to assess the impact of DNA delivery is to measure how the activity of specific genes are altered by the delivery of foreign DNA.

For instance, I found that bulk electroporation causes significant changes in the activity of genes linked to metabolism. That may explain why cells treated with this method grow slowly. This reduction in cell growth can increase manufacturing costs of these engineered T-cells and lengthen the treatment time for patients.

Magnet-based nano-scale methods such as mine offer advantages over virus and bulk electroporation for DNA delivery, but thus far, I have tested them only in animal studies and in experiments outside of human bodies. In the future, I hope to use nano-materials for delivering DNA to create cell-based therapies.

[ You’re smart and curious about the world. So are The Conversation’s authors and editors. You can read us daily by subscribing to our newsletter. ]

Originally unveiled during Computex 2019, the 9th Gen Intel Core i9-9900KS Special Edition CPU has finally launched globally. It’s capable of running all its cores at a turbo frequency of 5 GHz without requiring extra tuning. This processor is primarily aimed at gamers and overclockers.

Intel Core i9-9900KS Special Edition running at 5 GHz on all cores launched at 3

The Intel Core i9-9900KS can run all cores at a turbo boost frequency of 5 GHz. Image: Intel.

The Core i9-9900KS packs eight cores and 16 threads with a base frequency of 4 GHz. There’s 16 MB of Intel Smart Cache and it offers up to 40 PCIe lanes. It’s based on the existing Core i9-9900K processor on which a single core is capable of hitting 5 GHz in turbo boost frequency. However, the special edition can dial it up on all the cores. Also, the base frequency on the i9-9900K was 3.6 GHz that has also been given a bump.

The new Intel Performance Maximiser tool should make it easier to overclock the processor rather than completely depending on playing around with the voltage and hoping the overclock runs stable.

To meet the high-frequency demand on all the cores, the i9-9900KS comes with a higher Thermal Design Power or TDP of 127 W. The i9-9900K has a 95 W TDP and the difference shows that the special edition will be pulling in extra load.

The i9-9900KS is a premium binned version of the i9-9900K and it is sort of difficult to achieve. Hence, Intel won’t be manufacturing too many units of the special edition processor. Between the two processors, you won’t see a massive difference in performance or overclocking capabilities. It’s just that the higher variant offers some extra headroom to play around. And games that utilise multiple cores will perform better on this CPU.

Intel says that the i9-9900KS will be sold only for a limited period worldwide. It’s also indicative that a limited number of units will be manufactured and sold until stocks last. It’s priced at $513 (approximately Rs 36,400) which is slightly higher than the i9-9900K’s launch price of $488 that’s currently selling at around Rs 47,000 to 50,000 online in India.

The i9-9900KS hasn’t been listed on any local online marketplace yet. We got in touch with a couple of online and offline sellers who said that they don’t have any information about the Indian pricing and availability of the processor. We are guessing that the special edition CPU will be priced above Rs 50,000 considering the i9-9900K is selling in this range. When the pricing and availability are out, we will be updating you.

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For prey in the animal kingdom, one wrong move can mean death. Species have evolved camouflage to blend into their environment – some moths may share the colour of the tree bark they rest on while a lizard might resemble the sandy yellow of its desert home. But what about when these animals need to dart out from cover? How can they keep their camouflage when on the move?

A biologist called Harvey Pough stumbled on a possible answer 40 years ago. While studying northern water snakes, Pough noticed that their usually stripey pattern vanished when they moved and they instead appeared uniform brown. This made it much harder to pick them out against their rocky background.

Pough realised that the snakes were moving so fast that their light and dark stripes alternated faster than his eyes and brain could separate them. He suggested that this was no accident, but had evolved to help camouflage the snakes and hide them from their predators.

A northern water snake lying low in Ontario, Canada. Big Iron/Wikipedia, CC BY-SA

The trouble is, Pough didn’t have any empirical proof that the blurring of the stripes helped the snakes. Perhaps there was no advantage, and the blurring was just a coincidence. We decided to settle the question and test whether stripes provide camouflage to moving prey using a famously efficient predator – the praying mantis.

Fast and stripey wins the race

We put our mantids in front of a computer screen which showed animated “bugs” scuttling across a textured background. Our bugs had various patterns (see image below), including high contrast stripes but also patterns that matched their backgrounds to different degrees. When the mantids turned their heads to look at the bug, we knew they had spotted it. But at other times, the mantids showed no signs of noticing the bug. In this way, we could see which patterns were best at helping prey evade detection.

Animated bugs passed across the centre of these three different backgrounds while a praying mantis looked on. At high speeds, the stripey prey (centre) was less visible to the mantis than the background-matching one (left). Newcastle University, Author provided

You might imagine that the best camouflage would be the bug that had the exact same texture as the wider background, as shown in the left panel above. These patterns – which replicate the surrounding environment – work really well when animals don’t move. But when they do, mantids spotted them more often than they did the plain grey ones, as shown in the right panel. That stands to reason – if your appearance exactly matches your background, your movement instantly breaks the mirage and helps predators zone in. Meanwhile, the plain grey bugs lacked any defining features that might make them stand out.

We then tried stripey bugs, with the pattern in the centre panel. These stripes resemble the black-and-white strip of our local football team, Newcastle United. As you’d expect, when moving slowly, these were pretty visible. But when moving fast enough, the stripey bugs became as well camouflaged as the grey ones, suggesting that their stripes had blurred to featureless grey. At high speed, the moving stripey bugs were even better camouflaged than stationary bugs that perfectly matched their background.

A praying mantis, sporting the colours of Newcastle United. Newcastle University, Author provided

So, stripes really can be good camouflage – if you’re fast enough. But animals may benefit from patterns for a host of other reasons. For example, a bee could rely on its bright yellow-and-black stripes to warn birds that it’s bad to eat, while still appearing inconspicuous as it flies fast past a lurking mantis. In this way, it gets the best of all worlds.

The key to staying hidden while moving is to go fast and rely on camouflage that blurs well in motion. Peering into these little secrets of nature can help explain the amazing diversity of patterns that enliven scales, feathers and hides throughout the animal kingdom.

Need a high-end media player box that can put out 4K and HDR10 content?

If you’re in the market, then it makes sense to pick up the newest 2019 Ultra Streaming Media Player by Roku, down $20 from its original price of $100 on Amazon.

Roku’s media box has quad core processors and the ultimate connectivity via dual-band wireless or ethernet port. The device optimizes output to your TV so it appears sharper and more vivid.

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  • Power, picture, performance: Roku Ultra lets you stream free, live and premium TV over the Internet-right on your 4K TV. Roku’s top-of-the-line media player with a quad-core processor and our best wireless, Roku Ultra is perfect for heavy streaming in HD, 4K, and HDR
  • Ultimate connectivity: No matter what you’re streaming, enjoy a strong connection with dual-band wireless – or use the Ethernet port for wired streaming

It has extra bells and whistles such as a lost remote finder, microSD and USB slots. Of course, what’s a media player if it can’t stream all the popular subscription content from the biggest names? Roku’s model can stream sports, live news, free TV, shows, movies and more via Google Play, the Roku Channel, Netflix, Apple TV, etc.

The product comes with a premium JBL headphones for a more personal experience. If you think it’s a steal at $100, then you’ll love the new $79 price tag.

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Apple is believed to be working on a scissor keyboard that would replace MacBook’s current faulty butterfly keyboard. It was earlier reported by Apple Analyst Min Chi Kuo that Apple might introduce this new scissor keyboard in a 16-inch MacBook Pro that was expected to be launched by the year. But there seems to be some change in Kuo’s prediction.

Now as per a fresh new report by Kuo (via MacRumours), the 16-inch MacBook Pro that is believed to feature the new scissor keyboard, will likely be launched in the second or third quarter of 2020.

Apple MacBook with the new scissor keyboard likely to arrive in mid-2020: Kuo

The current butterfly keyboard was reported to be sensitive to dust.

It is expected that Apple might launch it at the Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2020 that is expected to be held in June next year. The report further suggests that the Taiwanese manufacturer Wistron will be the primary supplier of the parts of the scissor keyboard for the company.

Scissor-Switch mechanism. Image: Wikipedia

Scissor-Switch mechanism. Image: Wikipedia

If we look at the advantages of the scissor keyboard over the butterfly keyboard, it becomes even more convincing why Apple might want to ditch this hardware design. There were several problems with the butterfly keyboardand users have been reporting it for years. The keyboard was sensitive to dust and even the slightest particles could jam the keys.

After months, and possibly years, of pretending that nothing was wrong, earlier this year, Apple finally acknowledged that the keyboard on its new MacBooks and MacBook Pros were defective.

The new scissor design is expected to enhance the typing experience for the user by offering longer key travel and durability by adopting glass fiber to reinforce the keys’ structure.

Even though the scissor keyboard will still cost more than the average keyboards, it will still be cheaper than the current butterfly keyboard.

In May this year, Apple introduced a repair program for the laptops where it replaced the current keyboard with an “improved” butterfly keyboard, but that only included the latest generation of MacBooks and the 2018 MacBooks. The 2017 and older models still got the defective second-generation keyboard as a replacement.

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Google Assistant Started A New Feature To Read Messages

  • Assistant will only read out text messages
  • It will not play audio messages or videos
  • You can even reply to those messages if you want

Google Assistant is an artificial intelligence powered virtual assistant developed by Google that is primarily available on mobile and smart home devices. Previously, Google Assistant would allow to read and reply to SMS messages via the Hangouts app.

But now Google started a new and useful feature to its trusted Assistant. Now with the help of Google assistant you are able to read and reply to messages from apps such as WhatsApp, slack,Telegram, and others.

The facility to read SMS messages has always been there but now Google Assistant will read the messages loud and then you can reply to the message via voice. If the message contains any attachment such as images, audio file, video or any file then the Assistant will inform that the message only contains a file and will not open the image, video or audio file. Simply say “read my message” in order to make the assistant read a WhatsApp or Slak message.

The Assistant will read the latest messages first and then will read the remaining messages. It will ask you to read and reply to messages if you have not enabled the reply feature. This feature is more helpful when you are driving or can’t touch the phone. This feature works with a few languages.

Bloomberg reports that United Airlines and Apple are engaged in a business deal in regards to upgrading the airport’s SFO terminals.

Executive VP of United Airlines Linda Jojo has commented that they are in partnership with Apple, and that the Apple team has been around the lobbies, customer service and baggage hold areas. Furthermore, the VP says that she was being vague deliberately as she spoke during the company’s media day.

In January, it was leaked that the United Airline’s biggest customer was Apple at a $150 million per annum spend. When the deal pushes through, we can probably expect the same kind of aesthetics and design in the business class seats and airport terminals. As Apple regularly books these seats, its employees can enjoy the refresh as much as anyone else.

United Airlines is one of Apple’s biggest customers as well, purchasing thousands of devices and collaborating with IBM and Apple on enterprise apps.

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